The dma 5000 measures a sample in 40 seconds , considerably increasing efficiency in your lab . optional sample changers automate filling and cleaning , freeing lab personnel from these routine tasks Dma 5000在40秒內(nèi)測(cè)量一種樣品,在相當(dāng)程度上提高實(shí)驗(yàn)室的工作效率??蛇x配樣品轉(zhuǎn)換器,完成自動(dòng)進(jìn)樣和清洗,解放實(shí)驗(yàn)室工作人員執(zhí)行的這些常規(guī)任務(wù)。
Firstly , by numerical and theoretical analysis , the author compares some existent confidence intervals , for example , " exact " confidence interval , wald confidence interval and bayesian confidence interval , and finds some deficiencies points of the confidence intervals , whose modification version has been proposed . also , several better confidence intervals such as are also presented . secondly , for given confidence coefficient and interval width , the author constructs a class of asymptotical two - stage interval estimate procedures . at the same time , under varies restriction of confidence coefflcientent interval width , the optional sample size of the first stage has been computed by numerical computation . the numerical computation shows that the method considered in this dissertation have good properties and applied value 同時(shí),由于poisson分布的特性,我們知道不存在其參數(shù)區(qū)間長(zhǎng)度小于0 . 5的置信區(qū)間,基于這些情況,我們主要展開了以下兩個(gè)方面的研究:一是利用數(shù)值計(jì)算分析與理論分析的方法對(duì)現(xiàn)有的若干置信區(qū)間如“精確”置信區(qū)間, wald置信區(qū)間, bayes置信區(qū)間等進(jìn)行分析比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些缺陷,針對(duì)這些缺陷,我們進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)男拚?,并得到幾種性質(zhì)較好的置信區(qū)間如:修正大樣本區(qū)間jeffreys原則下置信區(qū)間二是針對(duì)已給定的置信系數(shù)與區(qū)間長(zhǎng)度,我們提出了一種漸近的兩階段區(qū)間估計(jì)程序,并利用數(shù)值計(jì)算的方法,在各種置信系數(shù)與區(qū)間長(zhǎng)度限定下,算出了最優(yōu)的第一階段觀測(cè)次數(shù)(抽樣量) ,大量數(shù)據(jù)表明,本文考慮的方法性態(tài)良好,具有應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
With those purposes , the paper discusses the social and economic basis of auditory of circulations with systemically reviewing the origin , development and internationalization of abc and bpa . an analysis on the definition , significance and characteristics of auditory of circulations is also done with a full perspective on the current index systems and series of regulatory regime both on abc and bpa ( us abc and bpa international as the two optional samples ) . furthermore , the author tries to find out a tentative solution on the issue of the system construction of auditory of periodicals " circulations with the analyses of the current social and economic situations , especially the development of the periodical industry and advertising industry in china at the beginning of 21st century 本文對(duì)abc和bpa的起源、發(fā)展和國(guó)際化歷程做了系統(tǒng)考察,在此基礎(chǔ)上分析發(fā)行量認(rèn)證體系存在和成長(zhǎng)的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ);以美國(guó)發(fā)行量認(rèn)證署(美國(guó)abc )和bpa國(guó)際媒體認(rèn)證公司( bpainternational )這兩個(gè)認(rèn)證機(jī)構(gòu)為樣本,對(duì)兩種認(rèn)證體系的現(xiàn)行指標(biāo)體系及具體管理制度等微觀層面作全面透視,分析發(fā)行量認(rèn)證的內(nèi)涵、意義和特征;針對(duì)中國(guó)當(dāng)前的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)狀,尤其是中國(guó)期刊產(chǎn)業(yè)和廣告業(yè)的發(fā)展格局進(jìn)行剖析,解答中國(guó)要不要引入期刊發(fā)行量認(rèn)證體系以及中國(guó)引入期刊發(fā)行量認(rèn)證體系的初步解決方案這兩個(gè)問題。